Chloral Hydrate
Chloral hydrate is a classic sedative-hypnotic agent that depresses the central nervous system. It is metabolized in the body to trichloroethanol, which is responsible for its therapeutic effects. While historically popular for pediatric sedation and treating severe insomnia, its use has largely been phased out in many countries in favor of safer alternatives with fewer side effects and lower risks of toxicity.
Dosage by Body Weight
Dosage is highly individualized based on the patient's age, weight, and the specific procedure. For pediatric sedation, the typical dose ranges from 25 to 50 mg/kg per dose, up to a maximum of 1,000 mg (or 2,000 mg in specific controlled settings). It should be administered with a full glass of water or fruit juice to minimize gastric irritation. Close monitoring of respiratory rate and oxygen saturation is mandatory during pediatric sedation.
- Body Weight
- Below 5 kg
- Dose
- Not routinely recommended
- Frequency
- Single dose, only under direct specialist supervision
- Tracking Notes
- Extremely high risk of respiratory depression and accumulation of active metabolites in neonates and young infants.
- Body Weight
- 5-7 kg
- Dose
- 150 mg to 300 mg
- Frequency
- Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure
- Tracking Notes
- Always dilute oral solution with water or juice to prevent stomach upset. Monitor airway closely.
- Body Weight
- 8-10 kg
- Dose
- 250 mg to 450 mg
- Frequency
- Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure
- Tracking Notes
- Administer only under clinical supervision where airway management equipment is readily available.
- Body Weight
- 11-15 kg
- Dose
- 350 mg to 650 mg
- Frequency
- Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure
- Tracking Notes
- Dose is calculated based on 25-50 mg/kg. Do not exceed the maximum single pediatric dose limits.
- Body Weight
- 16-20 kg
- Dose
- 500 mg to 900 mg
- Frequency
- Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure
- Tracking Notes
- Monitor patient until fully awake and cooperative. Ensure pulse oximetry is utilized.
| Body Weight | Dose | Frequency | Tracking Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Below 5 kg | Not routinely recommended | Single dose, only under direct specialist supervision | Extremely high risk of respiratory depression and accumulation of active metabolites in neonates and young infants. |
| 5-7 kg | 150 mg to 300 mg | Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure | Always dilute oral solution with water or juice to prevent stomach upset. Monitor airway closely. |
| 8-10 kg | 250 mg to 450 mg | Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure | Administer only under clinical supervision where airway management equipment is readily available. |
| 11-15 kg | 350 mg to 650 mg | Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure | Dose is calculated based on 25-50 mg/kg. Do not exceed the maximum single pediatric dose limits. |
| 16-20 kg | 500 mg to 900 mg | Single dose 30 to 45 minutes before procedure | Monitor patient until fully awake and cooperative. Ensure pulse oximetry is utilized. |
Formulation
Purpose
Used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, and as a sedative before medical, dental, or diagnostic procedures (such as EEGs) to reduce anxiety and induce sleep.
Generic Name
Chloral hydrateBranded Drug Names
Chloral Hydrate is listed as a generic drug name. Common branded medicines that may contain the same active ingredient include:
Scheduled Drug
Yes. This medicine should be supplied or used only according to applicable prescription and regulatory requirements.